Chagas Disease
Chagas disease is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi which is tramsitted by blood-sucking bugs of the Triatominae subfamily. These bugs are only found in South America.
The disease has a treatment, but only if given immediately after infection, and with many adverse side effects. After that, there is no treatment and no cure. Over 18 million people in the continent are currently infected. The disease can be fatal and often leads to severely debilitating lesions of the vital organs, especially the heart and intestinal tract.